Merge branch 'feature/router-improvements'

app/Application.php

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App;
+
+class Application
+{
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function bootstrap(): void
+    {
+        // init application
+    }
+}

app/Controllers/Api/SubnetController.php

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace App\Controllers\Api;
 
 use App\Services\Subnet;
-use Core\Controllers\Controller;
-use Core\View\Render;
+use Core\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
 use Exception;
 
 class SubnetController extends Controller
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ class SubnetController extends Controller
     /**
      * Get all subnet data
      *
-     * @return \Core\View\Render
+     * @return \Core\Http\View\Render
      */
     public function data(): Render
     {

app/Controllers/HomeController.php

@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@
 
 namespace App\Controllers;
 
-use Core\Controllers\Controller;
-use Core\View\Render;
+use Core\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
 
 class HomeController extends Controller
 {
     /**
      * Render index
      *
-     * @return \Core\View\Render
+     * @return \Core\Http\View\Render
      */
     public function index(): Render
     {

app/Controllers/TestController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Controllers;
+
+use Core\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
+
+class TestController extends Controller
+{
+    /**
+     * Render index
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Http\View\Render
+     */
+    public function test(int $id): Render
+    {
+
+        dd($id);
+
+        return $this->response->view('subnet');
+    }
+}

composer.json

@@ -20,7 +20,11 @@
         "psr-4": {
             "App\\": "app/",
             "Core\\": "src/"
-        }
+        },
+        "files": [
+            "src/Helpers/helpers.php"
+        ]
+
     },
     "config": {
         "optimize-autoloader": true

config/routes.php

@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 
 use App\Controllers\Api\SubnetController;
 use App\Controllers\HomeController;
-use Core\Router\Router;
+use App\Controllers\TestController;
+use Core\Routing\Route;
 
-Router::get('/', HomeController::class, 'index');
-Router::post('/api/subnet', SubnetController::class, 'data');
+Route::get('/', HomeController::class, 'index');
+Route::post('/api/subnet', SubnetController::class, 'data');
+Route::get('/test/{id}', TestController::class, 'test');
+Route::get('/test/{id}/update', TestController::class, 'test');

public/index.php

@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 <?php
 
-use Core\Env\Env;
-use Core\Router\Router;
+use Core\Bootstrap;
 
 require '../vendor/autoload.php';
 
-// Load routes
-require '../config/routes.php';
-
-// Load env
-Env::load();
-
-// Dispatch router
-Router::dispatch();
+$bootstrap = Bootstrap::createInstance();
+$bootstrap->handle();

src/Bootstrap.php

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core;
+
+use Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory;
+
+class Bootstrap {
+
+    /**
+     * @var \Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory
+     */
+    private static BootstrapFactory $instance;
+
+    /**
+     * Start handling process
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory
+     */
+    public static function createInstance(): BootstrapFactory
+    {
+        self::$instance = (new Bootstrap())->run();
+
+        return Bootstrap::getInstance();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the instance
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory
+     */
+    public static function getInstance(): BootstrapFactory
+    {
+        return self::$instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create new factory instance
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory
+     */
+    protected function run(): BootstrapFactory
+    {
+        return new BootstrapFactory();
+    }
+}

src/Exceptions/ExceptionHandler.php

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Exceptions;
+
+use Throwable;
+use Whoops\Handler\Handler;
+use Whoops\Handler\JsonResponseHandler;
+use Whoops\Handler\PlainTextHandler;
+use Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler;
+use Whoops\Run as Whoops;
+
+class ExceptionHandler
+{
+    /**
+     * Exceptions reporter instance
+     *
+     * @var Whoops
+     */
+    private static Whoops $reporter;
+
+    /**
+     * Exceptions handler instance
+     *
+     * @var \Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler
+     */
+    private static ExceptionHandler $instance;
+
+    /**
+     * Get instance of exceptions handler
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler
+     */
+    public static function instance(): ExceptionHandler
+    {
+        if (!isset(self::$instance)) {
+            self::$instance = new self();
+        }
+
+        return self::$instance;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get exceptions reporter instance
+     *
+     * @return \Whoops\Run
+     */
+    public static function reporter(): Whoops
+    {
+        if (!isset(self::$reporter)) {
+            $reporter = new Whoops();
+            $reporter->pushHandler(self::handler());
+
+            self::$reporter = $reporter;
+        }
+
+        return self::$reporter;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get correct handler
+     *
+     * @return \Whoops\Handler\Handler
+     */
+    private static function handler(): Handler
+    {
+        if (env('debug')) {
+            if (request()?->is('post')) {
+                return new JsonResponseHandler();
+            }
+
+            return new PrettyPageHandler();
+        }
+
+        return new PlainTextHandler();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Catch all exceptions
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function register(): void
+    {
+        self::reporter()->register();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Catch single exception
+     *
+     * @param \Throwable $exception
+     * @return never
+     */
+    public function handle(Throwable $exception): never
+    {
+        self::reporter()->handleException($exception);
+
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make new exception
+     *
+     * @param null        $abstract
+     * @param string|null $message
+     * @return never
+     */
+    public function make(mixed $abstract = null, string|null $message = null): never
+    {
+        if(is_string($abstract)) {
+            $abstract = app()->make($abstract, $message);
+        }
+
+        if(is_subclass_of($abstract, 'Exception')) {
+            $this->handle($abstract);
+        }
+
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+}

src/Exceptions/Exceptions.php

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace Core\Exceptions;
-
-use Core\Env\Env;
-use Core\Http\Request;
-use Throwable;
-use Whoops\Handler\Handler;
-use Whoops\Handler\JsonResponseHandler;
-use Whoops\Handler\PlainTextHandler;
-use Whoops\Handler\PrettyPageHandler;
-use Whoops\Run as Whoops;
-
-class Exceptions
-{
-    /**
-     * Exceptions handler instance
-     *
-     * @var Whoops
-     */
-    private static Whoops $instance;
-
-    /**
-     * Get exceptions handler instance
-     *
-     * @param \Core\Http\Request|null $request
-     * @return \Whoops\Run
-     */
-    public static function instance(Request|null $request = null): Whoops
-    {
-        if (!isset(self::$instance)) {
-            $instance = new Whoops();
-            $instance->pushHandler(self::handler($request));
-
-            self::$instance = $instance;
-        }
-
-        return self::$instance;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get correct handler
-     *
-     * @param \Core\Http\Request|null $request
-     * @return \Whoops\Handler\Handler
-     */
-    private static function handler(Request|null $request): Handler
-    {
-        if (Env::get('debug')) {
-            if ($request?->is('post')) {
-                return new JsonResponseHandler();
-            }
-
-            return new PrettyPageHandler();
-        }
-
-        return new PlainTextHandler();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Catch all exceptions
-     *
-     * @param \Core\Http\Request $request
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function catch(Request $request): void
-    {
-        self::instance($request)->register();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Catch single exception
-     *
-     * @param \Throwable $exception
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function catchOne(Throwable $exception): void
-    {
-        self::instance()->handleException($exception);
-    }
-}

src/Exceptions/Exceptions/ClassNotFoundException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Exceptions\Exceptions;
+
+class ClassNotFoundException extends \Exception {}

src/Exceptions/Exceptions/HttpException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Exceptions\Exceptions;
+
+class HttpException extends \Exception {}

src/Exceptions/Exceptions/InvalidArgumentException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Exceptions\Exceptions;
+
+class InvalidArgumentException extends \InvalidArgumentException {}

src/Exceptions/Exceptions/NotFoundHttpException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Exceptions\Exceptions;
+
+class NotFoundHttpException extends HttpException {}

src/Factory/BootstrapFactory.php

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Factory;
+
+use App\Application;
+use Core\Env\Env;
+use Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler;
+use Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\ClassNotFoundException;
+use Core\Http\Request;
+use Core\Routing\RouteDispatcher;
+
+class BootstrapFactory
+{
+    private Request $request;
+
+    /**
+     * Handle Http core
+     */
+    public function handle(): void
+    {
+        // Load env
+        Env::load();
+
+        // Create request
+        $this->request = app()->make(Request::class, [$_POST + $_FILES]);
+
+        // Register exceptions handler for error reporting
+        app()->make(ExceptionHandler::class)->register();
+
+        // Load routes
+        require '../config/routes.php';
+
+        try {
+            // Boot application
+            app()->make(Application::class)->bootstrap();
+
+            // Dispatch router
+            app()->make(RouteDispatcher::class)->dispatch($this->request);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            exceptions()->handle($e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $abstract
+     * @param mixed  $arguments
+     * @return mixed
+     */
+    public function make(string $abstract, mixed $arguments = []): mixed
+    {
+        return $this->resolve($abstract, $arguments);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $abstract
+     * @param mixed  $arguments
+     * @return mixed|null
+     */
+    private function resolve(string $abstract, mixed $arguments = []): mixed
+    {
+        if (class_exists($abstract)) {
+            try {
+                $reflection = new \ReflectionClass($abstract);
+                return $reflection->newInstanceArgs($arguments);
+            } catch (\ReflectionException $e) {
+                exceptions()->handle($e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        exceptions()->make(ClassNotFoundException::class, sprintf("Class '%s' not found", $abstract));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the request instance
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Http\Request
+     */
+    public function request(): Request
+    {
+        return $this->request;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get path to file/folder in resources folder
+     *
+     * @param string $path
+     * @return string
+     */
+    public function resourcePath(string $path = ''): string
+    {
+        return "../resources/" . $path;
+    }
+}

src/Helpers/helpers.php

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?php
+
+use Core\Bootstrap;
+use Core\Env\Env;
+use Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler;
+use Core\Http\Request;
+
+
+if(!function_exists('app'))
+{
+    /**
+     * Make abstract of instance or get application instance
+     *
+     * @param mixed $abstract
+     * @param mixed $arguments
+     * @return \Core\Factory\BootstrapFactory|mixed
+     */
+    function app(mixed $abstract = null, mixed $arguments = []): mixed
+    {
+        if (is_null($abstract)) {
+            return Bootstrap::getInstance();
+        }
+
+        return Bootstrap::getInstance()->make($abstract, $arguments);
+    }
+}
+
+if(!function_exists('env'))
+{
+    /**
+     * Get env variable
+     *
+     * @param string $key
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    function env(string $key): mixed
+    {
+        return Env::get($key);
+    }
+}
+
+if (!function_exists('request')) {
+    /**
+     * Get the request instance
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Http\Request
+     */
+    function request(): Request
+    {
+        return app()->request();
+    }
+}
+
+if (!function_exists('exceptions')) {
+    /**
+     * Get error handler instance
+     *
+     * @return \Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler
+     */
+    function exceptions(): ExceptionHandler
+    {
+        return ExceptionHandler::instance();
+    }
+}

src/Http/Controllers/Controller.php

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 
-namespace Core\Controllers;
+namespace Core\Http\Controllers;
 
 use Core\Http\Request;
 use Core\Http\Response;

src/Http/Request.php

@@ -4,6 +4,18 @@ namespace Core\Http;
 
 class Request
 {
+    private array $data = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Build request object
+     *
+     * @param array $data
+     */
+    public function __construct(array $data)
+    {
+        $this->data = $data;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get request method
      *
@@ -43,7 +55,7 @@ class Request
      */
     public final function has(string $param): bool
     {
-        return isset($_POST[$param]);
+        return isset($this->data[$param]);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -56,11 +68,11 @@ class Request
     public final function get(string|null $param = null, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
         if($param == null) {
-            return $_POST;
+            return $this->data;
         }
 
         if($this->has($param)) {
-            return $_POST[$param];
+            return $this->data[$param];
         }
 
         return $default;

src/Http/Response.php

@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 
 namespace Core\Http;
 
-use Core\View\Render;
-use Core\View\Render\HtmlRender;
-use Core\View\Render\JsonRender;
+use Core\Http\View\Engine\HtmlEngine;
+use Core\Http\View\Engine\JsonEngine;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
 
 class Response
 {
@@ -25,20 +25,20 @@ class Response
      * Render HTML
      *
      * @param string $view
-     * @return \Core\View\Render
+     * @return \Core\Http\View\Render
      */
     public function view(string $view): Render
     {
-        return (new HtmlRender())->view($view);
+        return (new HtmlEngine())->view($view);
     }
 
     /**
      * Render JSON
      *
-     * @return \Core\View\Render
+     * @return \Core\Http\View\Render
      */
     public function json(): Render
     {
-        return new JsonRender();
+        return new JsonEngine();
     }
 }

src/Http/View/Engine/HtmlEngine.php

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 <?php
 
-namespace Core\View\Render;
+namespace Core\Http\View\Engine;
 
-use Core\View\Render;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
 
-class HtmlRender extends Render
+class HtmlEngine extends Render
 {
     /**
      * @inheritDoc
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ class HtmlRender extends Render
     public function render(): void
     {
         $basePath  = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'];
-        $viewsPath = $basePath . '/../resources/views/' . str_replace('.', '/', $this->view) . '.php';
+        $viewsPath = app()->resourcePath('views/' . str_replace('.', '/', $this->view) . '.php');
 
         if (file_exists($viewsPath)) {
             extract($this->data);

src/Http/View/Engine/JsonEngine.php

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 <?php
 
-namespace Core\View\Render;
+namespace Core\Http\View\Engine;
 
-use Core\View\Render;
 
-class JsonRender extends Render
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
+
+class JsonEngine extends Render
 {
     /**
      * @inheritDoc

src/Http/View/Render.php

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 
-namespace Core\View;
+namespace Core\Http\View;
 
 abstract class Render
 {

src/Router/Router.php

@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace Core\Router;
-
-use Core\Exceptions\Exceptions;
-use Core\Http\Request;
-use Core\View\Render;
-use Exception;
-
-class Router
-{
-    /**
-     * List of routes
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected static array $routes = [];
-
-    /**
-     * Add GET route
-     *
-     * @param string $route
-     * @param string $controller
-     * @param string $action
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function get(string $route, string $controller, string $action): void
-    {
-        self::register($route, $controller, $action, "GET");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Add POST route
-     *
-     * @param string $route
-     * @param string $controller
-     * @param string $action
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function post(string $route, string $controller, string $action): void
-    {
-        self::register($route, $controller, $action, "POST");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Register route
-     *
-     * @param string $route
-     * @param string $controller
-     * @param string $action
-     * @param string $method
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function register(string $route, string $controller, string $action, string $method): void
-    {
-        self::$routes[$method][$route] = [
-            'controller' => $controller,
-            'action'     => $action,
-        ];
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Dispatch router and run application
-     *
-     * @return void
-     */
-    public static function dispatch(): void
-    {
-        // Init request
-        $request = new Request();
-        $url     = $request->url();
-        $method  = $request->method();
-
-        // Capture all exceptions
-        Exceptions::catch($request);
-
-        try {
-            if (array_key_exists($url, self::$routes[$method])) {
-                $controllerName = self::$routes[$method][$url]['controller'];
-                $actionName     = self::$routes[$method][$url]['action'];
-
-                // Check for controller existence
-                if (!class_exists($controllerName)) {
-                    throw new Exception(sprintf("Controller '%s' missing", $controllerName));
-                }
-
-                // Create controller object
-                $controller = new $controllerName($request);
-
-                // Check for method on controller
-                if (!method_exists($controller, $actionName)) {
-                    throw new Exception(sprintf("Method '%s' not found on '%s'", $actionName, $controllerName));
-                }
-
-                // Build response object of action
-                $response = $controller->$actionName();
-
-                // Render action
-                if ($response instanceof Render) {
-                    $response->render();
-                }
-            } else {
-                throw new Exception(sprintf("No route found for: %s", $url));
-            }
-        } catch (Exception $e) {
-            Exceptions::catchOne($e);
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Routing/Route.php

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Routing;
+
+class Route
+{
+    /**
+     * Add GET route
+     *
+     * @param string $route
+     * @param string $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public static function get(string $route, string $controller, string $action): void
+    {
+        RouteCollection::register($route, $controller, $action, 'GET');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add POST route
+     *
+     * @param string $route
+     * @param string $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public static function post(string $route, string $controller, string $action): void
+    {
+        RouteCollection::register($route, $controller, $action, 'POST');
+    }
+}

src/Routing/RouteCollection.php

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Routing;
+
+class RouteCollection
+{
+    /**
+     * A majestic vault of all defined routes.
+     *
+     * @var array
+     */
+    protected static array $routes = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Add a route to the sacred collection.
+     *
+     * @param string $route
+     * @param string $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @param string $method
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public static function register(string $route, string $controller, string $action, string $method): void
+    {
+        // Transform human-readable route syntax into regex.
+        $routeRegex = self::convertToRegex($route);
+
+        // Store the route in the sacred collection
+        self::$routes[$method][$routeRegex] = [
+            'controller' => $controller,
+            'action'     => $action,
+            'original'   => $route,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reveal the treasure trove of routes.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     */
+    public static function retrieve(): array
+    {
+        return self::$routes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a route pattern into a regex for matching requests.
+     *
+     * @param string $route
+     * @return string
+     */
+    protected static function convertToRegex(string $route): string
+    {
+        $regex = preg_replace('/\{([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)\}/', '(?P<\1>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)', $route);
+        return '#^' . $regex . '$#';
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve a specific route by method and URL.
+     *
+     * @param string $method
+     * @param string $url
+     * @return array|null
+     */
+    public static function find(string $method, string $url): ?array
+    {
+        foreach (self::$routes[$method] ?? [] as $routeRegex => $route) {
+            if (preg_match($routeRegex, $url, $matches)) {
+                $route['params'] = array_filter(
+                    $matches,
+                    fn($key) => !is_numeric($key),
+                    ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY
+                );
+                return $route;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Purge all routes from the collection.
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public static function clear(): void
+    {
+        self::$routes = [];
+    }
+}

src/Routing/RouteDispatcher.php

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Routing;
+
+use Core\Exceptions\ExceptionHandler;
+use Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException;
+use Core\Http\Request;
+use Core\Http\View\Render;
+use Exception;
+
+class RouteDispatcher
+{
+    /**
+     * Current request instance
+     *
+     * @var \Core\Http\Request
+     */
+    private Request $request;
+
+    /**
+     * Dispatch the router dispatcher
+     *
+     * @param \Core\Http\Request $request
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function dispatch(Request $request): void
+    {
+        $this->request = $request;
+
+        try {
+            $route      = $this->findMatchingRoute();
+            $controller = $this->instantiateController($route['controller']);
+            $action     = $this->validateActionExists($controller, $route['action']);
+            $params     = $this->resolveParameters($controller, $action, $route['params'] ?? []);
+
+            $this->executeAction($controller, $action, $params);
+        } catch (NotFoundHttpException $e) {
+            $this->handleException($e, 404, 'page not found');
+        } catch (Exception $e) {
+            $this->handleException($e, 500, 'something went wrong');
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Locate a matching route for the incoming request.
+     *
+     * @return array
+     * @throws \Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException
+     */
+    private function findMatchingRoute(): array
+    {
+        $url    = $this->request->url();
+        $method = $this->request->method();
+
+        $route = RouteCollection::find($method, $url);
+        if ($route) {
+            return $route;
+        }
+
+        throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("No route found for: %s", $url));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an instance of the requested controller.
+     *
+     * @param string $controllerName
+     * @return object
+     * @throws \Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException
+     */
+    private function instantiateController(string $controllerName): object
+    {
+        if (!class_exists($controllerName)) {
+            throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Controller '%s' missing", $controllerName));
+        }
+
+        return new $controllerName($this->request);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate that the action exists in the controller.
+     *
+     * @param object $controller
+     * @param string $actionName
+     * @return string
+     * @throws \Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException
+     */
+    private function validateActionExists(object $controller, string $actionName): string
+    {
+        if (!method_exists($controller, $actionName)) {
+            throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Method '%s' not found on '%s'", $actionName, get_class($controller)));
+        }
+
+        return $actionName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate and resolve parameters for the controller action.
+     *
+     * @param object $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @param array  $params
+     * @return array
+     * @throws \Exception
+     */
+    private function resolveParameters(object $controller, string $action, array $params): array
+    {
+        return RouteValidator::resolve($controller, $action, $params);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Execute the resolved action on the controller with validated parameters.
+     *
+     * @param object $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @param array  $params
+     * @return void
+     */
+    private function executeAction(object $controller, string $action, array $params): void
+    {
+        $response = $controller->$action(...$params);
+
+        if ($response instanceof Render) {
+            $response->render();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle exceptions gracefully.
+     *
+     * @param Exception $e
+     * @param int       $statusCode
+     * @param string    $message
+     * @return void
+     */
+    private function handleException(Exception $e, int $statusCode, string $message): void
+    {
+        if (env('debug')) {
+            exceptions()->handle($e);
+        }
+
+        http_response_code($statusCode);
+        echo $message;
+    }
+}

src/Routing/RouteValidator.php

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Routing;
+
+use Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException;
+use ReflectionMethod;
+use ReflectionNamedType;
+
+class RouteValidator
+{
+    /**
+     * Validate parameters against the method signature.
+     *
+     * @param object $controller
+     * @param string $action
+     * @param array  $params
+     * @return array
+     * @throws \Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException
+     * @throws \ReflectionException
+     */
+    public static function resolve(object $controller, string $action, array $params): array
+    {
+        $reflection       = new ReflectionMethod($controller, $action);
+        $methodParameters = $reflection->getParameters();
+        $validatedParams  = [];
+
+        foreach ($methodParameters as $methodParameter) {
+            $paramName    = $methodParameter->getName();
+            $paramType    = $methodParameter->getType();
+            $isOptional   = $methodParameter->isOptional();
+            $defaultValue = $isOptional ? $methodParameter->getDefaultValue() : null;
+
+            if (!array_key_exists($paramName, $params)) {
+                if ($isOptional) {
+                    $validatedParams[$paramName] = $defaultValue;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Missing parameter '%s' for action '%s'", $paramName, $action));
+            }
+
+            $value                       = $params[$paramName];
+            $validatedParams[$paramName] = self::validateType($paramName, $value, $paramType, $action);
+        }
+
+        return $validatedParams;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Validate and cast a parameter based on its type.
+     *
+     * @param string                   $paramName
+     * @param mixed                    $value
+     * @param ReflectionNamedType|null $paramType
+     * @param string                   $action
+     * @return mixed
+     * @throws \Core\Exceptions\Exceptions\NotFoundHttpException
+     */
+    private static function validateType(string $paramName, mixed $value, ?ReflectionNamedType $paramType, string $action): mixed
+    {
+        if (!$paramType || $paramType->allowsNull() && $value === null) {
+            return $value; // No type or allows null, return as-is.
+        }
+
+        $typeName = $paramType->getName();
+
+        switch ($typeName) {
+            case 'int':
+                if (!ctype_digit((string)$value)) {
+                    throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Invalid type for parameter '%s'. Expected integer, got '%s'", $paramName, gettype($value)));
+                }
+                return (int)$value;
+
+            case 'float':
+                if (!is_numeric($value)) {
+                    throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Invalid type for parameter '%s'. Expected float, got '%s'", $paramName, gettype($value)));
+                }
+                return (float)$value;
+
+            case 'string':
+                if (!is_string($value)) {
+                    throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Invalid type for parameter '%s'. Expected string, got '%s'", $paramName, gettype($value)));
+                }
+                return $value;
+
+            default:
+                throw new NotFoundHttpException(sprintf("Unsupported type '%s' for parameter '%s'", $typeName, $paramName));
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Routing/Router.php

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Core\Routing;
+
+use Core\Http\Request;
+
+class Router
+{
+    /**
+     * Dispatch router and run application
+     *
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public static function dispatch(): void
+    {
+        // Create request
+        $request = new Request($_POST + $_FILES);
+
+        // Dispatch router
+        RouteDispatcher::dispatch($request, RouteCollection::retrieve());
+    }
+}